This type includes, for example, the widely used Oracle thin driver. This allows for easy deployment and streamlines the development process by having a single tier and a small driver all in a 100% java package. This architecture encapsulates the entirety of the JDBC API implementation along with all the logic for communicating directly with the database in a Unlike the type 3 drivers, it does not need associated software to work. This provides better performance than the type 1 and type 2 drivers as it does not have the overhead of conversion of calls into ODBC or database API calls. They install inside the Java Virtual Machine of the client. Written completely in Java, type 4 drivers are thus platform independent. Today, most JDBC drivers are type 4 drivers. It is implemented for a specific database product. The JDBC type 4 driver, also known as the Direct to Database Pure Java Driver, is a database driver implementation that converts JDBC calls directly into a vendor-specific database protocol. In addition, this didn’t increase the architectural efficiency as we are really still a 3 tier architecture so it is easy to see why this was never a popular choice. Although this was technically a full Java solution, the database vendors did not like this approach as it was costly – they would have to rewrite their native client libraries which were all C/C++. Type 3 drivers had a Java client component and a Java server component, where the latter actually talked to the database. Type 3 drivers sought to be a 100% Java solution but never really gained much traction. The middle-tier (application server) converts JDBC calls directly or indirectly into the vendor-specific database protocol. The intermediate server then connects to the database on behalf of the JDBC driver. Type 3 : All Java + Middleware translation driverĪ type 3 JDBC driver is an all Java driver that sends the JDBC interface calls to an intermediate server. Sun bundles a free JDBC-ODBC bridge driver with the JDK to allow access to standard ODBC data sources, such as a Microsoft Access database.
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